Chapter+12-Economics+and+Politics

Chapter 12: Economicss and Politics

Social Institution- a major sphere of soocial life, or societal subsystem, organized to meet human needs Government- a formal organization that directs the political life of a society Politics- the social institution that distributes power, sets a society's goals and makes decisions Corporation- an organization with legal existence, including rights and liabiliities, seperate from that of its members Olive is able to interact with peers at school while also meeting her human needs, like eating.
 * Olive's high school has identifiable structure with a primary function to move her peers into the big world through the learning enviroment.
 * The government directs Olive and her peers by law to go to school so they can further their education
 * The state distributes power to Olive's school district to hire teachers and set the high goals of indiviudal achivement.
 * The restaurant the Lobster Shack where Olive and Anson go to eat, is part of a corporation in California that has legal and property rights.

Democracy- a political system that gives power to the people as a whole Economy- the social institution that organizes a society’s production, distribution, and consumption goods and services Profession- a prestigious white-collar occupation that requires extensive formal education Self-employment- earning a living without being on the payroll of a large organization
 * When the Cross Your Heart group protest the mascot, the school changes the mascot. Which shows that the students have power.
 * In the economy Olive's school is able to function based on the distribution of resources, or taxes.
 * Mr. Griffith's profession is being a teacher because he had to go to college to earn a teaching degree.
 * Olive does self-employment by faking to sleep with guys as a way to earn some money.

Mr. Griffith has a profession in teaching, specifically english. **power:** the ability to achieve desired ends despite resistance from others
 * Marianne’s position as the head of the Cross Your Heart club and other extra-curricular organizations gives her power in the school. Marianne’s involvement in these activities and her position as office secretary give her power over her classmates and allows her to manipulate the school.

**authority:** power that people perceive as legitimate rather than coercive
 * The principal of the high school has the authority to give Olive detention after she calls a classmate a bad word.

**monarchy:** (Latin and Greek roots meaning "one ruler"); a political system in which a single family rules from generation to generation **totalitarianism:** a highly centralized political system that extensively regulates people's lives
 * Marianne is the leader of the Cross Your Heart club and is the most influential person at the high school. She obtains her authority from her father, who is a pastor at a local church. Therefore, her family is very powerful in their community and their power passes on from generation to generation.
 * The high school Olive attends has a totalitarian atmosphere. The students at the school punish their peers when they don’t comply with social norms and reward people who follow social acceptable standards.